Dr. Leonid Ionov, Professor of Biofabrication, and his team at the University of Bayreuth, various types of hydrogels were extensively tested for the 3D printing of tissues. A hydrogel is a water ...

(a) Time-lapse images of the dispensed liquid, (d) optical images of hydrogels printed on untreated substrate (left) and hydrophobic glass (right), (e) printing results with hydrogels at 1mm ...

To create an ear, the printer lays down a pliable, porous scaffold made of hydrogel, a kind of polymer. The scaffold is covered with skin cells and cartilage cells, which grow and fill in the ear ...