Exposure to lead from mining probably lowered I.Q. levels in the empire, research has found. It might be the world’s first ...

and North Africa. That was the renowned Roman empire, which lasted for about 500 years. So, what caused this mighty empire to ...

The Roman Empire now stretched across Europe and the Middle East, from the borders of Scotland to southern Spain. It included North Africa, western and central Europe, and what is now Israel ...

Historians record that the unified Roman Empire was ruled by 69 emperors between the first emperor Augustus (who reigned from 27 B.C. to A.D. 14) and Theodosius (ruled from A.D. 379 to 395), but ...

This story appears in the January/February 2017 issue of National Geographic History magazine. The emperor Hadrian was well known for building monuments across the Roman Empire, a territory that ...