Faced with the intransigence of the Senate, Caesar and the 13th Legion cross the Rubicon, the official border between Gaul and Italy, a decision that will lead to civil war. 49 B.C. As Caesar ...

Shortly after the fall of Bashar Assad in Syria in December 2024, reports emerged of mass graves being uncovered in liberated ...

In January, 49 BC, he led his troops across the Rubicon River into Italy and started civil war. Caesar scored some early victories and, by 46 BC, was dictator of Rome. After a year spent ...

After winning the civil war and the death of his former ally and rival – Pompey the Great – Caesar became the sole master of Rome – a dictator for life. Caesar’s grand plans were cut short ...

His prospects were bleak: Rome was dangerous, engulfed by civil war between power-hungry factions. One of these was led by his great-uncle, Julius Caesar. Then Augustus got a lucky break.

After eliminating his rivals in a civil war, general and politician Gaius Julius Caesar began serving as dictator of Rome in 49 BCE. He established a number of political reforms before getting ...