For example, it was shown that the pathway beginning with cyclic AMP (cAMP)—one of the best-known “second messengers” capable of transmitting a signal from the outside of a cell to the ...

You have full access to this article via your institution. In summary, our data provide evidence that most cAMP and cGMP analogs have multiple targets. Therefore, interpretation of any effects ...

Credit: Dr. Tetsuya Muramoto The study revealed the mechanisms by which periodic intracellular cAMP signal frequencies regulate transcription factor shuttling between the nucleus and cytoplasm and ...

More information: Kensuke Yamashita et al, Optogenetic control of cAMP oscillations reveals frequency-selective transcription factor dynamics in Dictyostelium, Development (2025). DOI: 10.1242/dev ...