Anatomically, in vertebrate embryos, cranial motor neurons develop in columns and eventually cluster to form nuclei in discrete regions of the midbrain and hindbrain (which together make up the ...

These nerves are involved in smell, vision, pupil activity, eye movement, taste, hearing, swallowing, and movement of the face, neck ... The cranial nerves control eye muscles, jaw muscles ...

A cursory examination is performed to identify abnormalities of cranial nerves ... of the neck and extremities and perform a sensory evaluation, manual muscle testing, and elicitation of normal ...