The atoms bond because there is a strong enough attraction in both directions and room for the electrons in the outer energy level of the atoms. When two hydrogen atoms and an oxygen atom get close ...

The attraction by the chlorine atoms is stronger than the attraction by the calcium atom. Two electrons are transferred from the calcium atom, one to each chlorine atom. Calcium becomes a +2 ion and ...

Quantum theory restricts certain physical quantities to specific values, influencing material behavior, particularly in ...

When atoms absorb energy, the electrons at a particular level are pushed up to higher levels (at bigger distances from the nucleus). In time, they jump back down to a lower level releasing light ...

Researchers based at the National Graphene Institute at The University of Manchester have developed an innovative measurement method that allows, for the first time, the mapping of the energy levels ...

Bohr suggested the revolutionary idea that electrons "jump" between energy levels (orbits) in a quantum fashion, that is, without ever existing in an in-between state. Thus when an atom absorbs or ...

From the article (emphasis added): When photons pass through a medium and get absorbed, electrons swirling around atoms in ...