Medically reviewed by Isabel Casimiro, MD, PhD Fact checked by Jillian Dara The lumbar spine includes the five vertebrae in ...

Lumbar herniated nucleus pulposus (HNP) and lumbar spinal stenosis (LSS) are common spine pathologies with different clinical presentations and interventions. HNP generally has an acute onset ...

Bone segments form the column. One bone segment is a vertebra ... There are 12 thoracic vertebrae in the thoracic region. There are 5 lumbar vertebrae in the lumbar region. There are 5 sacral ...

Medically reviewed by Anju Goel, MD The thoracic spine is part of your spinal column and is composed of 12 bones that are ...

Most Americans will endure some form of back pain in their life. Spine, back, and neck problems are most common with neck and ...

Cancers that spread to the spine move to the bone marrow of the vertebral column by way of blood vessels. Spinal cord compression can also occur through direct tumor extension, which is frequently ...

Patients with vertebral fractures, particularly severe fractures, may face greater risks for worsening spinal degeneration.

“The results were largely as expected: longer and more invasive surgeries are associated with higher complication rates. We ...

The spinal cord is an important part of the central nervous system that carries signals between the brain and the body. It is protected by the vertebral column, a series of bones that surround and ...