For one billion people living in coastal areas around the world, these sand grains also defend against intense storms and sea level rise fueled by climate change. Coastal beaches and dunes act ...

For ages 12 and older. How many grains of sand would it take to fill the universe? This is a problem that the Greek mathematician Archimedes tried to solve in the third century B.C. In this ...

Saltation – where small pieces of shingle or large sand grains are bounced along the sea bed. Traction – where pebbles and larger material are rolled along the sea bed.

Powerful Sea of Japan winds and strong currents pushed the sand back up along the coastline ... And these self-organizing individual grains create ever-shifting wave-shaped ripples on the dune ...