Thus, the letters used by Fraunhofer to identify the lines have no relation to chemical symbols nor to the symbols used to designate the spectral types of stars. Today's astronomers use some of the ...

Spectral Phase,Spiral Phase,Theoretical Results,Topological Charge,Turbulent Environment,Vortex Beam, Kaihang Zhao received the B.S. and M.E. degrees in China Jiliang University, Hangzhou, China, in ...

The observations investigated the central region (within a radius of 2,600 light years) of the Swelling Spiral galaxy, which resulted in the detection of several molecular gas lines, including ...