Cesium ion (Cs +) contamination is a significant environmental concern, particularly in areas affected by nuclear activities. Effective removal techniques are essential for ensuring public health ...

A cesium fountain clock, a strontium lattice clock, and a single-ion ytterbium clock were among the other optical and microwave clock systems that took part in the comparisons. According to the ...

Scientists developed a highly accurate optical ion clock, improving time measurement precision by 1,000 times.

Negative Ion: An ion that has gained one or more electrons, resulting in a net negative charge. Cesium Conditioning: A process that involves the introduction of cesium into an ion source to ...