Immune checkpoint molecules play a crucial role regulating immune responses, maintaining a balance between fighting diseases and preventing excessive inflammation. These molecules either enhance or ...

Cancer immunotherapies targeting immune checkpoint molecules have revolutionized treatment across various cancer types, significantly improving patient outcomes. Treatments can be limited in some ...

Summary of current small molecular drugs targeting PD-L1 and CD47. Small molecule chemical compounds block the function of major immune checkpoint molecules by (I) competitively binding with ...

Notably, intracellular checkpoint molecules within NK cells, such as FBP-1, EZH2, CIS, TIPE2, and HIF-1α, play a significant role in NK cell exhaustion by affecting their metabolism ...