The esophageal opening is created by a loop of right crux of the diaphragm. (Source: Netter medical illustration with permission from Elsevier. All rights reserved.) ...

To dissect the esophagus in the posterior mediastinum so as to have enough esophageal length below the diaphragm and avoid placing tension on the repair. To reconstruct the cardia. The same steps ...

A hiatal hernia is a protrusion of the lower esophagus (and sometimes the stomach, too) into the chest cavity through an opening in the diaphragm. This defect can cause heartburn, indigestion ...

above the diaphragm there was a tear ... with the demonstration of a radiopaque fluid flowing through the opening in the esophagus into the mediastinum or pleural cavity. When the three classic ...