As opposed to previous developments in modeling strong (displacement) discontinuities within finite elements [20], some of the noteworthy advantages of the X-FEM are: a single-field variational ...

In this condition, the initial boundary problem based on scalar potential φ is as follows [18]: , ―finite element stiffness matrix, ―potential column vector, F― second kinds of boundary conditions.

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The shield machine tunnelling along the curve section causes more disturbance to the surrounding environment than the straight section. Pile foundation is the most commonly used foundation form in ...

Mechanical features of the culture environment have emerged as being critically important in designing organs-on-a-chip, as they play important roles in both stimulating realistic tissue formation and ...