One, the agouti-related protein (AGRP) and neuropeptide Y (NPY) neurons, stimulates hunger, while the other, pro-opiomelanocortin (POMC) neurons, curbs it. This delicate balance orchestrates ...

In the ARC, orexigenic neurons coexpress NPY and AgRP, whereas neurons coexpressing POMC and CART are anorexigenic. In the ARC, activation of AMPK leads to increased food intake, an effect that is ...

[34–36] From the ARC, these first-order POMC/CART and NPY/AgRP neurons project to second-order neurons in several hypothalamic nuclei, including the VMN, DMN, PVN and the lateral hypothalamic area.