How it is adapted to its function Dead cells are joined end to end to form a continuous tube. They have no cytoplasm. Their walls contain lignin for strengthening. Type of cell Phloem cell ...

Executive function describes a set of cognitive processes and mental skills that help an individual plan, monitor, and successfully execute their goals. The “executive functions,” as they’re ...

The center of a tree or shrub stem (from roots to trunk, branches, and twigs) is woody, composed of xylem cells that conduct water from the roots to the upper parts of the tree. That woody section is ...

The lysine crotonylation of histone proteins is a newly identified posttranslational modification with diversified cellular functions. However, there are few reports on lysine crotonylation of ...

Usually, the sieve-tubes of the phloem have been regarded as the channels of sugar transport, as micro-chemical observations, such as those of Prof. Mangham, seemed to show considerable quantities ...

One of the most significant environmental factors affecting plant growth, development and productivity is salt stress. The damage caused by salt to plants mainly includes ionic, osmotic and secondary ...

The liver performs hundreds of vital functions, including converting nutrients from food into energy, filtering toxins from the blood, and producing bile, a key substance in digestion and waste ...