A research group has developed SPACIER, an advanced polymer material design tool that integrates machine learning with ...

We can also use wavelengths to calculate refractive index. By substituting \(v_{1}=f\lambda _{1}\) and \(v_{2}=f\lambda _{2}\) into \(n=\frac{v_{1}}{v_{2}}\) then ...

This is called refraction. The frequency of light does not change as it refracts. The refractive index of a material is a measure of the change in the speed of light as it passes from a vacuum (or ...

The top layer of liquid is pure water while the bottom layer is concentrated sugar water. In these layers, there is no change in refractive index and no bending of light. In the middle, a gradient ...