Binge drinking and possibly, moderate alcohol intake, may trigger atrial fibrillation. Caffeine intake does not appear to be a trigger; although, some doctors still recommend that patients with atrial ...

Attempt to get rid of the atrial fibrillation altogether and restore and maintain normal heart rhythm. Allow the atrial fibrillation to persist while controlling the heart rate There are different ...

Maximum plasma concentrations of carvedilol occur 1-2 hours after oral administration. [9] Absolute bioavailability of carvedilol is approximately 23% due to extensive first-pass metabolism.

No writing assistance was utilized in the production of this manuscript. Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common cardiac arrhythmia, and its incidence increases with age. Current data suggest ...

Variables entered into the starting model are as described previously with the addition of atrial fibrillation, ejection fraction and significant valve disease. Fractional polynomials were considered ...