Often with spinal stenosis, the ligamentum flavum is thickened. Cottonoids are used to protect the dura to complete the ligamentous and bony dissection. The lateral recesses then are checked and ...

Lumbar spinal stenosis (LSS) is the narrowing of the central canal and, often, the lateral recess due to facet joint hypertrophy, thickening and bulging of the ligamentum flavum, bulging of an ...