This study unveiled the role of Lrrk2 gene in regulating macrophage polarization and immune response. This finding provides ...

activating nearby antigen presenting cells (APCs), notably dendritic cells (DCs), and repolarizing tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) toward an M1 phenotype. In addition to direct phagocytosis of ...

A new study by the University of Eastern Finland found that inflammation-promoting immune cells, M1 macrophages, can ...

while also mitigating bone marrow injury and increasing hematopoietic cells through mediating macrophage M1 differentiation, ...

Spinal cord injury (SCI) is characterized by the temporary or permanent loss of motion or sensation function caused by damage to the spinal cord. Among the mechanisms behind SCI, neuroinflammation is ...