Meissen is German manufacturer credited with pioneering hard-paste porcelain in Europe. Established by Johann Friedrich Böttger in Meissen, Germany in 1710, the company first began producing red ...

Information about the collection or items in it can be found in the following works: Gardner, Paul Vickers. Meissen and Other German Porcelain in the Alfred Duane Pell Collection. Washington, DC: ...

It wasn't until the early 18th century that European manufacturers, notably in Meissen, Germany, successfully produced true hard-paste porcelain, marking a pivotal moment in the continent's ...