The resentment of the Bonaparte family stemmed primarily from ... Within a year, Marie-Louise gave birth to an heir, Napoleon II, who received the title king of Rome. Still, Napoleon kept his ...

TULARD: From the very beginning Napoleon gave himself an image. He created his own history. From his first triumphs, Bonaparte understood that it’s not enough to win victories. He uses images to ...

Tutored by Aristotle at a young age, he became king after his father, Phillip II, was assassinated. While he never officially ranked the seven commanders, Napoleon himself, along with many other ...