The adaptive immune system, AIS, also known as the acquired immune system, or specific immune system is a subsystem of the immune system that is composed of specialized cells, organs, and processes that eliminate pathogens specifically.

The adaptive immune system mounts a stronger, antigen-specific immune response after the innate immune response fails to prevent a pathogen from causing an infection. There are two subdivisions of the adaptive immune system: cell-mediated immunity and humoral immunity.

2023年8月14日 · The immune system fights germs on the skin, in the tissues of the body, and in bodily fluids such as blood. It is made up of the innate (general) immune system and the adaptive (specialized) immune system. These two systems work …

2022年11月22日 · Types of Acquired (Adaptive) Immunity. When a pathogen enters the body, acquired immunity can be induced by the host body or by the artificial transfer of antibodies/ lymphocytes inside the host body. Active immunity: This is the type of acquired immunity developed in the host body itself because of exposure to the pathogen. When the antigen is ...

2021年9月23日 · There are two types of adaptive responses: the cell-mediated immune response, which is controlled by activated T cells, and the humoral immune response, which is controlled by activated B cells and antibodies.

2023年11月21日 · Adaptive immunity is delayed but very specialized response to a pathogenic infection. It works in tandem with players from the innate immune system and involves B cells and T cells....

Remarkably, the adaptive immune system can distinguish between antigens that are very similar—such as between two proteins that differ in only a single amino acid, or between two optical isomers of the same molecule. Adaptive immune responses are carried out by white blood cells called lymphocytes.

Adaptive immunity occurs after exposure to an antigen either from a pathogen or a vaccination. The adaptive, or acquired, immune response takes days or even weeks to become established—much longer than the innate response; however, adaptive immunity is more specific to an invading pathogen.

2024年4月9日 · In biology, immunity is the body’s ability to defend itself against disease-causing organisms. Every day, our bodies come into contact with numerous pathogens, but only a few actually result in diseases. This is because our bodies possess the ability to produce and release antibodies in response to these pathogens, thus protecting us from diseases.

Adaptive immunity is a key feature of the vertebrate immune system (Cooper and Alder, 2006). Unlike the innate immune system, it possesses variable receptors that recognize antigenic structures and can adapt and improve. Insufficient immunity poses a major problem, as the organism lacks a crucial defense system against invading pathogens.