Keywords: Osteoblasts, Osteosarcoma, Jaws, Mandible. Introduction. Osteosarcoma (OS), which is sometimes referred to as osteogenic sarcoma, is the most common primary bone tumour in adolescents and young adults. Mandibular and maxillary osteosarcomas account for 6% to 9% of all the osteosarcomas.

Bone or osteoid formation within the tumour is characteristic of an osteosarcoma. Craniofacial osteosarcoma (CFOS), most often located in the mandible or maxilla, accounts for only 5–13% of all osteosarcomas. In general, OS of the jaw is a high-grade lesion.

Osteosarcoma of jaw bones have some distinct features such as older age at presentation, longer median survival, rare metastases and local recurrences difficult to control, typically leading to death of the patients.

The aim of this study was to explore the relative prevalence, clinical features, and overall survival of osteosarcoma originating from the mandible, which is reported to have distinct biological behavior and outcomes in comparison to extremity osteosarcoma.

Osteosarcoma occurs most frequently in the lower long bones, whereas the jaws are unusual primary sites of disease. Maxilla and mandible osteosarcoma (equally affected) represent about 7% of all osteosarcomas.